Free-to-play Ranged training

In F2P, Ranged can be a force to be reckoned with in PvP situations if one boasts a high level. If your ranged level multiplied by 1.5 is equal to, or over, your attack level combined with your strength level, then your combat level is ranged based.

Weapons
For training, a player should use the strongest arrows that can be bought in bulk. In F2P these are either iron or bronze arrows. But as iron arrows cost just as much as bronze, and are stronger, they are commonly used as a cheap way to powertrain. For dangerous PvP combat, the ranger should use the best arrows he or she can wield (usually adamant arrows). For safe PvP activities, the arrows used are entirely up to the player. The ranged strength calculator can help in deciding which arrow to use.

'''Please note that the ammunition used (arrows or bolts) with a given ranged weapon affects damage dealt in a hit, but does not affect the weapon's accuracy. The accuracy of a hit is determined by the Ranged Attack bonus of bows, while the strength of the hit it affected by the ammunition (arrows).'''

Shortbows
The Shortbow is the ideal ranged training weapon for free players. With its extremely high rate of fire (faster than a Rune scimitar if the Rapid attack style is used) and accuracy and damage per shot equivalent to those of a longbow of the same material, it is superior to longbows in almost all aspects of training. It is also the ranged weapon of choice in PvP situations as the high attack speed can quickly wear down the opponent's lifepoints. The best shortbows in F2P worlds are the maple shortbow as well as the gravite shortbow. However, as the gravite shortbow requires several hours of dungeoneering, and requires charging, the maple shortbow is more commonly used.

Longbows
As they have lower speed, equal accuracy and equal damage per shot compared to a shortbow of the same material, most longbows are inferior to corresponding shortbows. Usage of any F2P longbow, except the Maple longbow (sighted), is discouraged, especially in training. The sighted maple longbow is vastly more accurate than a Maple shortbow and is one tick faster than a non-sighted longbow, hence only 1 tick slower than a shortbow, but does not increase the damage per hit.

Because all free-to-play longbows have lower speed and equal damage per shot compared to a corresponding shortbow, a shortbow almost always deals damage at a faster rate, and is thus better for training. The only situation where the sighted maple longbow will deal more damage than a maple shortbow is when an enemy has high defence and/or is otherwise hard to damage. Training on such monsters is not recommended, as the point of training is to gain as much experience as possible by having a high damage rate.

The sighted longbow can be useful in PvP. More information can be found on its article.

Crossbows
The two crossbows available in free-to-play are the Crossbow and the Phoenix crossbow, but both are rather inaccurate. The only usable ammo available to non-members, Bronze bolts, provide a mediocre ranged strength bonus (equivalent to iron arrows), but both weapons are extremely slow. Players opting to train Ranged cheaply should opt for Kayle's sling, or use iron or bronze arrows.

The crossbow is the only one-handed ranged weapon available to non-members, so player with high ranged may find it useful when fighting Elvarg in Dragon slayer, against whom an Anti-dragon shield is necessary.

Slings
Kayle's sling is very easily obtained from The Blood Pact. There is also an ordinary Sling which is dropped by various spiders and creatures in the wilderness. The ordinary Sling (can be obtained easily from goblins) is not recommended, being slightly weaker than it. Kayle's sling attacks quickly (as fast as a shortbow), provides a small ranged attack bonus and is very weak.Requiring no ammunition, it is an arguably free method to train Ranged, but gives significantly less experience compared to a bow with, for example, steel or mithril arrows.

The true strength of training with slings lies not the speed of training but rather the low maintenance; since it requires no ammunition, it does not leave wasted arrows lying on the ground. Slings are therefore an excellent method of training at locations filled with hostile weak monsters.The Kayle's sling however has a ranged attack bonus that is less than a bronze arrow, with low accuracy. It also has an invisible experience bonus of 0.9, meaning all experience is received at 90% the normal rate.

Armour
In general, a player should wear the best possible ranged armour available at their defence and ranged level. Free-to-play ranged armour is much cheaper than melee armour, as the raw materials for the armour are easier to obtain. Non-members can make all ranged armour except Studded leather armour and Green dragonhide armour with the Crafting skill. Because they are so commonly produced to train Crafting, all of the armour listed below can be bought easily off of the Grand Exchange.

Each of the following recommended sets of armour give a player the highest possible ranged attack bonus for their ranged and defence level. When training against monsters with low-defence and without the use of a safespot (such as Giant spiders in the Stronghold of Security), it may help to sacrifice some of the ranged attack bonus with more defensive rune armour.

Level 1 – 9 Ranged
Recommended set: a cowl, a pair of leather chaps, a pair of leather vambraces and a leather body

Level 10 – 19 Defence
Recommended set: a cowl, a pair of leather chaps, a pair of leather vambraces and a hardleather body

Level 20-39 Defence and Ranged
Recommended set: a coif, a pair of studded leather chaps, a pair of leather vambraces, and a studded leather body.

Level 40+ Defence and Ranged
Recommended Set: a coif, green dragonhide chaps, and green dragonhide vambraces, green dragonhide body

A pure ranger lacking defensive skills, should equip the highest vambraces and chaps they can with a leather body, along with a coif (after level 20 ranged). These items do not require defence levels to equip.

The Fist of Guthix activity introduced a new ranging armour, the Green d'hide coif. It is only slightly better than a normal coif in stats, giving only 2 more ranged attack bonus (+4 instead of +2). However it is not recommended for training as the bonus over a regular coif is very insignificant and the time spent recharging it would be better used for training ranged with a regular coif.

The rune full helm, being much more costly than the coif and giving ranged penalty, is sometimes substituted for extra bank space and significant boost of defense.

Amulets
The Amulet of power is the most commonly used armour in the neck slot, as it provides medium ranged and defence bonuses. It has no requirements to use and can be easily obtained from the Grand Exchange, so players can and are recommended to train with it at any ranged level.

The Amulet of defence may be helpful against monsters that deal damage quickly but also have low defence. Against such monsters, however, it may be more effective to use melee armour in conjunction with the Amulet of power, because the defence bonuses of the amulet of defence are only +1 stronger against each style.

The Twisted bird skull necklace may also be used by players who train Ranged with Prayer. This can allow players to occasionally use Ranged-oriented prayers such as Hawk Eye and Eagle Eye. It is recommended to only equip this while burying bones, and wear an amulet of power while actually attacking monsters, therefore keeping it in your inventory when you are not burying bones to increase ranged accuracy.

The Amulet of zealots can be conjuncted with the Eagle Eye prayer to hit slightly higher than with an amulet of power. However, this amulet is considered ineffective for training because its ability is very limited; it only boosts the max hit by less than 10 damage (this is with adamant arrows; with mithril or weaker it is far less), and it gives a negative prayer bonus, reducing the effectiveness of flashing Eagle Eye by using up prayer fast. However It is possible to use it with the Twisted bird skull necklace to restore prayer points. The Amulet of zealots gives a small accuracy bonus but it is not as strong as the Amulet of power's bonus. It also costs 40,000 Dungeoneering Tokens to purchase which is considered by most to be overpriced.

Bronze Bolts
Bronze bolts are not recommended for use under any cirumstances as they have low ranged strength and can only be fired by a crossbow, which is both inaccurate and slow.

Training arrows
Training arrows can only be obtained from Beefy Bill at the cow pen north of lumbridge. They are the equivalent of bronze arrows but are not recommended for use as they are untradeable and only 30 arrows can be acquired at a time.

Bronze arrows
Bronze arrows were once the arrows of choice for training as they were cheap and could easily be bought on the grand exchange and given free by Lowe. However, after the introduction of the personalized shop update, the supply of bronze arrows have been diminished and they're now very difficult to buy on the grand exchange. Some high-level Rangers choose to buy massive amount of bronze arrows so they can train at a certain location (eg. the Karamja volcano) and powertrain (not pick up arrows) for a long time.

Iron arrows
Iron arrows are the arrows of choice for training as they're easily bought on the grand exchange and are fairly cheap. They're also a fairly common drop from Minotaurs in the Stronghold of Security and Hill Giants at Edgeville Dungeon. At around 15-20 Ranged, you could actually start gaining more iron arrows than you brought with you. For example, a free player would bring 300 iron arrows to train with, and end up with over 500 arrows worth of drops.

Steel arrows
Steel arrows are not recommended for training as they only hit a little higher than iron arrows whilst costing more than twice the price. They are commonly dropped by zombies on the second level of the Stronghold of Security.

Mithril arrows
Mithril arrows are great for training against high-level monsters such as lesser and greater demons, ankous, and cockroach soldiers, as they hit nearly as high as adamant arrows but are much cheaper. They can also be used in PvP if adamant arrows are too expensive. They are dropped by ice warriors in the Asgarnian Ice Dungeon, Catablepons in the Stronghold of Security, and black and white knights at their respective castles/fortresses. These are recommended for higher levelled players with a good sum of money.

Adamant arrows
Adamant arrows are the most expensive and powerful arrows in free-to-play and are used almost exclusively in PvP combat. They are not recommended for training due to their high cost. They are dropped by ankous on the fourth level of the Stronghold of Security and Ice giants at the Asgarnian Ice Dungeon.

Accurate
The Accurate attack style provides an invisible 3-level Ranged boost. For instance, if a player's Ranged level is 60 and they attack a target while using the Accurate style, the accuracy and damage of the hits will be as though the player is attacking with a Ranged level of 63. Since the accurate style is 1/3 slower than the rapid style, however, it is not recommended for any activity except determining a max hit.

Rapid
The Rapid style increases the speed of a bow by one unit and is the attack style of choice within nearly all situations as it boasts the fastest damage per second. A shortbow used in the rapid style has the fastest attack speed of any free-to-play weapon. This is the method that should be used for training, due to the fact that damage can be inflicted quicker, resulting in faster experience.

Longrange
The Longrange style provides an invisible 1-level Ranged boost and an invisible 1-level Defence boost. Attacking with the longrange style allows players to attack at a greater distance than with the other two attack styles. Experience earned from the longrange style is split between Defence and Ranged. Training with the longrange style is not recommended, as ranged is better trained on rapid and defence can be trained much faster with melee combat. It can be useful in competitive activities where having a long range helps, such as Fist of Guthix and Clan Wars.

For more information on the attack range with and without the longrange style, see Attack range

Tips

 * Prayer flash to get a ranged boost without losing prayer. Select Sharp/Hawk/Eagle Eye as your quick prayer and doubleclick (without delay between clicks) on the prayer icon. With the help of the XP Counter, make sure that the prayer sound effect is played while experience is gained.
 * Remember Rangers can attack diagonally, a great advantage against large monsters who move 1.5 squares, as they can be easily blocked by small obstacles that are otherwise easily avoided by regular monsters.
 * Use the safespots. Just get the right adjustments and then fire from an angle.

Levels 1 - 40
For those new members daring enough to go to the crafting guild, ranging the hobgoblins from the cows pen is highly reccomended!